Hypertension affects

Some population groups are at greater risk of hypertension in subjects with parental hypertension, obese subjects, black subjects, patients with diabetes, patients with kidney disease and patients with artery disease.

What causes hypertension?

In most cases, no cause is found appears when hypertension. Doctors call this illness essential hypertension. In some cases, hypertension may be due to kidney disease, a hyperfunction of the adrenal gland, or excessive rigidity of the arteries.

The excessive rigidity of the arteries occurs more often in the elderly, among those who suffered from diabetes or prolonged elevation of cholesterol, and those who smoked for many years.

Excessive consumption of salt (resalage systematic food table) or foods rich in salt (meat, cheese, canned goods) can contribute in some subjects, hypertension.

Excess weight (over 10 kgs compared to ideal weight) may also help in certain subjects, hypertension.

Blood pressure is the force that allows blood flow to the heart throughout the body.
When the heart contracts, blood pressure is maximum. This value is called systolic pressure, it is the figure measurably higher.

When the heart relaxes between beats, blood pressure is minimal. This value is called diastolic pressure, it is the figure measurably lower.

How blood pressure is measured?

Blood pressure is measured by placing an inflatable cuff around the arm and detecting the systolic and diastolic pressure, or by detection of arterial sounds (auscultatory method) or by detection of arterial oscillations (oscillometric method).

Measuring blood pressure can be done manually, using a stethoscope (which can hear the sounds arterial), or using an electronic device (which can detect oscillations of arterial ). The development of devices that detect the oscillations of the arterial artery of the wrist is a newer technique.

Electronic devices measure blood pressure (arm or wrist) are not all absolute reliability. Their use should therefore be done by following the advice of a health professional (doctor, nurse, pharmacist). It is recommended to measure blood pressure in millimeters of mercury (mm Hg). But we can also express the result in cm of mercury. A blood pressure of 120 mmHg corresponds to 12 cm of mercury.

Thus, a blood pressure of 120 mmHg and 90 corresponds exactly to a blood pressure at 12 and 9.

With this name the doctors referred patients with high blood figures in the office but normal when viewed at home. What of “white coat” comes from the distinctive that all doctors and nurses have been in their jobs.

It might seem that this is a rare problem, but in clinical practice is something you find with some regularity, experts say.

The causes are often anxious type. The person who comes to consultation, already knows that he will talk about an important issue for her health. As in any situation “threatening” or generating an alarm, the body releases a series of blood hormones and several substances whose mechanism of action includes the contraction of blood vessels. Consequently, blood pressure rises.

Is there a diagnostic test that allows to know that we have a patient with white coat hypertension?

To determine whether a patient suffers from white coat hypertension, using a diagnostic test called MAP (ambulatory blood pressure monitoring), to find out how that is achieved has been the tension during a normal day (24 hours). The test lets see if at some point up the tension, and attempt to relate this rise to any particular circumstance (the person is just waking up, or goes to work).

We speak because of white coat hypertension in those individuals where the map shows that the tension is well controlled and yet it comes to consultation and get high.

Diastolic pressure below 85 mm HG Normal.
Diastole pressure of 85-89 High normal.
Diastolic pressure of 90-104 mild hypertension.
Diastolic pressure 105-114 moderate hypertension.
Diastolic pressure above 114 Severe hypertension

The above classification is roughly as normal pressure changes according to age.

Systolic pressure below 140 Normal.
Systolic pressure of 140-159 in the limit of Hypertension.
Systolic pressure above 160 systolic hypertension.

To complement the diagnosis must carry out a physical examination and analysis of changes in the retina that indicate high blood pressure, blood tests (to indicate the functioning of the thyroid and adrenal glands) and urine, electrocardiogram, and chest X rays, the above to determine whether hypertension is essential hypertension or secondary type.

Hypertension is the increase in blood pressure chronically. It’s a disease no symptoms for a long time and, if untreated, can trigger severe complications such as myocardial infarction, cerebral hemorrhage or thrombosis, which can be avoided if handled properly. The first consequences of hypertension are suffered arteries that harden as they bear high blood pressure continuously, thicken and may be impeded the passage of blood through it. This is known as atherosclerosis.

Causes

The mechanism of hypertension most common, called “essential hypertension”, “primary” or “idiopathic”. In essential hypertension have not yet described the specific causes, but has been linked with a number of factors that are usually present in most people who suffer. Should be separated from those related to heredity, sex, age and race and rarely modifiable, those that could be changed by varying habits, environment, and morals of individuals, such as obesity, sensitivity sodium, excessive alcohol consumption, oral contraceptive use and a very sedentary lifestyle.

• Inheritance: when transmitted from parent to child inherits a tendency or predisposition to develop high levels of blood pressure. Exact mechanism is unknown, but past experience shows that when a person has a parent (or both) with hypertension, the chances of developing hypertension are twice those of other people with both parents without a history of hypertension.

• Sex: Men are more predisposed to high blood pressure than women until they reach the age of menopause. From this stage the frequency in both sexes is equal. This is because nature has endowed woman with a protective hormones while you are of childbearing age, estrogen, and therefore have a lower risk of cardiovascular disease. However, in younger women there is a special risk when taking birth control pills.

• Age and Race: Age is another factor, unfortunately coded, which will influence blood pressure numbers, so that both systolic and diastolic pressures, or maximum or minimum increase with age and is logically a greater number of hypertensive patients with increasing age. As for the race, people of African descent are twice as likely to develop hypertension than whites, also have a worse prognosis.

• Overweight: Overweight individuals are more likely to have higher blood pressure than normal-weight individual. As weight increases blood pressure rises and this is much more evident in those under age 40 and women. The frequency of hypertension among the obese, regardless of age, is two to three times higher than individuals of normal weight. It is unclear whether obesity is itself the cause of hypertension, or if there is an associated factor that increases pressure in overweight, although recent research suggests that obesity is associated with another series of alterations that be in part responsible for increased blood pressure. It is also true that the reduction in weight makes these alterations disappear.

Hypertension is a dangerous disease that affects more and more patients if they do not know that fruits and minerals can help. Many experts recommend reducing salt and animal fat to fight or help reduce hypertension. Although people sule improve a bit in many cases the result can be daunting.

A study I conclude that a significant increase in daily intake of fruit if it was of immeasurable help. It appears that fiber from fruit, pectin, together with the antioxidant effects of the fruit. An increase ateoría prostacyclin is that it is a hormonal substance that would promote dilation of blood vessels thus reducing blood pressure.

Is it true that vitamin C is effective against hypertension?
The investigator Paul F. Jacques, at Tufts Universidasd in the U.S., found that patients with lower intake of fruit and especially low levels of vitamin C were two to three times more likely to suffer from hypertension. If we add to that fruits also contain fiber (as discussed earlier) results are more logical.

What is the relationship between potassium and hypertension?
As was done in the Faculty of Medicine at Temple when a patient is given a diet very low in potassium blood pressure tends to rise and return to a diet rich in potassium pressure tends to balance out. One explanation might be that the shortage of potassium sodium retain what eventually would contribute to hypertension.

Some patients come to reduce or even eliminate their medication by significantly increasing their daily intake of foods rich in potassium (cantaloupe melon, soy or soybeans, peaches, tomato juice, nuts, bananas, beans and legumes in general, potatoes or potatoes avocados, carrots, strawberries, spinach, tomatoes and most fruits). Never be taken, however, pure Potassium supplements (without prescription) because we can unbalance.

Calcium also helps fight hypertension?
There are patients who do not consume anything but not improve anything salt hypertension. It is very curious that many of these patients (not all) an extra intake of calcium can greatly improve your hypertension. Some researchers say it is because the calcium would act as a natural diuretic to help the kidneys eliminate sodium.

Other sources claim that in patients with type Clacio much stress acts as the muscle relaxant and does the same blood level. Recall that apart from calcium supplements or dairy products (ideal kefir or yogurt) we have a phenomenal taking calcium intake sesame, seaweed, poppy seeds, broccoli, etc.. Calcium supplements with magnesium appear to be even more helpful (always consult with a physician or specialist).

Can a glass of alcohol harm?
Although cardiovascular disease is said that a little alcohol (especialemnte wine) may be recommended even seems that in the case of hypertension we monitor our consumption. From two or three drinks per day or excessive abuse on time can raise much pressure in patients with hypertension or people with a clear trend.

We know that our body ingests and produces two types of lipids: cholesterol and triglycerides. When levels of any of these blood fats we are looking at a picture of hyperlipidemia. This means that the altered levels of cholesterol or triglycerides in the blood is hyperlipidemia.

This picture may be inherited or occur as a result of an unbalanced diet rich in fats.

The types of hyperlipidaemia are:

Hypercholesterolaemia: Increased low density lipoprotein (LDL), what we call bad cholesterol. Bad cholesterol unlike the good (HDL, LDL) in the body travels in the opposite direction from the liver to other tissues. When there is excess cholesterol in the blood is deposited in the arteries and that’s when we have the risk of heart disease by clogging.

Hypertriglyceridemia: the increase of triglycerides in the blood. Most of this accumulation of excess fat in the liver is deteriorating and its functions. Most people with hypertriglyceridemia or advanced diabetes are overweight.

The medical treatment of hyperlipidaemia should be accompanied by a low-calorie meal plan, with foods rich in soluble fiber-type plant that will help reduce the level of blood lipids.

In Nutrition we’ve seen what food choices that help reduce bad cholesterol and triglycerides, as well as foods that are banned for these diseases. Remember to serve with a low consumption of sweets, sugars and soft drinks, which may also be present trans fats.

Rice is a universal food that is present in the food of almost all countries. We have seen in its nutrition. Nutrition, among which stands out to be a rich source of carbohydrates (gives energy) and be one of the low-calorie foods.

Here are the types of rice that can be found on the market and the benefits of this food to our health:

Types of rice

• Brown rice: although it takes longer to cook (from 40 to 45 minutes), is the most nutritious and richer in starch. This is because to maintain the shell keeps the B vitamins and fiber. There are two variants of rice: long grain and short grain.

• White rice: Rice is the most widely traded. No shell and polished so it’s less rich in nutrients the integral. We also find long and short grain.

• Basmati rice: it is a variety grown in the Himalayan foothills in northern India. As its name implies, basmati means fragrant rice is the most commonly used in gourmet cooking for their excellent flavor and aroma. He was also found in Indian cuisine, hot and cold dishes.
• Other varieties are grown in parts parboiled rice and wild rice. The former is richer in nutrients than white, but less than comprehensive. The savage is characterized by its dark, almost black.

Health Benefits

• Combats constipation to be a food rich in fiber. The ideal is integral. If you take the water used for boiling rice can combat diarrhea.

• Suitable for celiac gluten because it contends.

• Reduces blood pressure due to its low sodium content and the presence of potassium. Stimulates the elimination of liquids and thus reduce the pressure and the risk of heart problems.

Fiber is an essential nutrient in the diet and need to know what foods to eat to meet the basic needs of daily fiber.

We have seen more foods rich in fiber, we will now see a table with the fiber content per 100 grams of cereals over consume. Remember that fiber is essential to prevent hypertension, hemorrhoids, bad cholesterol and heart problems.

• White bread contains 2.7 grams of fiber.
• Pan burger contains 2, 5 grams.
• Corn flakes without whip containing 4, 3 grams of fiber.
• Oatmeal Cookies have 1.9 grams.
• Graham crackers have 2.7 grams of fiber.
• 100 grams of egg noodles contain 1.7 grams of fiber.
• Pancake mixes are 4.5 grams of fiber.
• 100 grams of sponge cake has 1.4 grams of fiber.
• Oat bran contains 17 grams of fiber.
• Whole wheat flour has 11.3 grams of fiber, while common wheat flour only 2.9 grams.
• Wheat germ has 14 grams of fiber.

More than 200 experts in hypertension have gathered in Seville to celebrate Hypertension Annual Meeting organized by the Spanish Society of Cardiology (ESC). At the meeting were released the results of several studies related to the treatment of hypertension (HTA) conducted in primary care and cardiology services, an example of these is the TABARCA study that analyzes the influence of snuff in cardiovascular complications in patients admitted to hospital for an acute coronary syndrome.

Another central thrust of the meeting has been prevention in patients at high risk if, as says Dr. Pilar Mazon, president of the Hypertension Section of the SEC, “we must move towards a more vigorous intervention, both pharmacological as reinforcing the changes in lifestyle, with special emphasis on the abandonment of snuff, including smoking cessation drugs. It should consider the cardiovascular risk in a comprehensive manner, taking into account renal function and extracardiac vascular level.

Along with diabetes, hypertension is a major cardiovascular risk factors, the most prevalent and which is attributed to higher mortality directly associated with increased ischemic heart disease, cerebrovascular disease and renal failure.

The future of hypertension is not encouraging. For the year 2025 is expected to increase 24 percent in the prevalence of the disease in developed countries. In fact, after 65 years, more than 2 / 3 of the Spanish population is affected by the disease. Still, there is increasing information about the problem, “most people care to know their blood pressure numbers and a higher percentage of hypertensive patients undergoing treatment and are well controlled.”