What causes?

Hypertension, or high blood pressure, was once considered an uncommon disease in childhood, but is now increasingly recognized as an important and preventable cause of morbidity and mortality in both children and adults. It is important to recognize the causes of hypertension in children, since some of these conditions can be managed medically or surgically. The younger the patient, the more likely the cause of hypertension can be corrected.

Normal blood pressure increases from birth through adolescence, so the definition of high blood pressure correlates with patient age. In 2004, the National Institute of Health National niñosHipertensión Sphygmomanometer for Blood Pressure Education Program issued new definitions of hypertension in children.

Is defined as mean systolic blood pressure or diastolic is above 95 percentile for sex, age and height on three occasions. The pre-hypertension in children is defined as average levels of systolic or diastolic blood that are higher than the 90 percentile but below the 95 percentile. As with adults, adolescents with BP levels greater or equal to 120/80 mm Hg is considered pre-hypertension.

Primary hypertension

Primary hypertension is generally associated with obesity. Its cause is not well understood, but patients with primary hypertension usually have a family history of hypertension or heart disease, are overweight and have insulin resistance syndrome (which may predispose to cardiovascular disease and diabetes).

Another partnership is with sleep apnea, obesity, difficulty breathing during the night, causing blockage of the airways, which increases the amount of work the heart must perform to carry oxygen to body tissues and increases blood pressure.

Secondary hypertension

There are several congenital anomalies that can cause secondary hypertension, including dysplastic kidney, polycystic disease and obstructive uropathy. In older children, common causes include Wilms tumor, acute glomerulonephritis and reflux nephropathy. Conditions such as hemolytic-uremic syndrome, systemic lupus and Henoch-Schöenlin can temporarily increase blood pressure of a patient.

Most relationship with endocrine causes increased secretion of hormones that affect blood pressure. These include neuroblastoma and pheochromcytoma, which are tumors associated with adrenal gland, congenital adrenal syndrome, which is a defect in steroid production and Cushing’s syndrome, increased production or absorption of steroids.

Vascular: These are conditions under which restricts blood flow to the kidneys. The kidneys respond by increasing the body’s blood pressure, thinking it will increase blood flow to them. These conditions include renal vein thrombosis, coarctation of the aorta and renal artery stenosis or embolism.

The prognosis of hypertension in children depends on its cause. A good diagnosis and treatment can prevent health problems in the long term when the children reach adulthood.

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The ideal is to make prevention before symptoms appear or
arterial lesions affecting the heart, kidneys, brain, eyes, etc..

Avoid: Salt = Sodium

Food Not Recommended:
Dietary salt with sodium
Preserves
Packaged Foods
Cold cuts, sausages, pickles
Beer
Soups and canned soups
Baking powder
Artificial sweeteners sodium

Controlled Food Use:
Milk and yogurt
Cheese (even the low sodium)
Meat and eggs
Vegetables high in sodium
Breads and bakery
Cream

Food Allowed:
Cereals and flours
Vegetables
Dry pasta
Fruit
Tubers
Plants with strict selection
Oils
Sugar, honey, homemade jams
Herbs
Tea, light mate

We recommend
Homemade.
Do not abuse the egg whites.
Flavored with garlic, pepper, cumin, cloves, dill,
saffron, rosemary, herbs, vinegar, lemon, mustard powder.
Procedures for cooking: roasted, steam, cooking with fruit.
Book foods with more flavor to the final.

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This type of hypertension suffer 20% of hypertensives and the most important cause of disease or appearance is a health situation that favors development.

Among the risk factors for secondary hypertension are:

• Toxemia in pregnancy, ie the emergence of high pressure in pregnant women with no medical history of hypertension in your family.

• Stress is another factor that can lead to secondary hypertension, as well as workaholism and hyperactivity.

• Self-medication with steroids or oral contraceptives without medical supervision.

• Renal disease and hypothyroidism.

In all these factors we see a common factor as in primary hypertension: a person suffering from diseases that are not treated with a balanced diet and regular physical activity is exposed not only to develop the disease, but they suffer high blood pressure increases the risk of stroke.

Also any type of hypertension involves not only medication and diet restricted in sodium, but a positive attitude by the patient to this condition which is directly related to the nervous condition of the person.

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